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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Henry Heusken ： ウィキペディア英語版 Henry Heusken Hendrick Conrad Joannes Heusken (January 20, 1832 – January 15, 1861) was a Dutch-American interpreter for the first American consulate in Japan, established at Gyokusen-ji in Shimoda, Shizuoka in the late Edo period. He became a popular member of the delegation, and his assassination by anti-foreigner rōnin helped sparked a diplomatic crisis between Japan and the western nations attempting to open it for trade. ==Life== Heusken was born in Amsterdam to Joannes Franciscus Heusken, who worked for a soap manufacturer, and Johanna Smit. The family immigrated to the U.S. in 1853 and became naturalized citizens. Heusken was unsatisfied by life in New York City, and applied for the position of personal secretary and interpreter for Townsend Harris, the first United States Consul General to Japan. He traveled with Harris to Japan in 1856, and played an active role in conducting pivotal negotiations over the next several years.〔(Prominent People of Minato City: Henricus Conradus Joannes Heusken ). Minato City Local History Museum.〕 Heusken quickly became one of the most publicly visible foreigners among the multiple western delegations in Edo. He frequently rode about the town and castle on horseback, a privilege that was traditionally reserved for the samurai caste.〔 On the night of January 14, 1861, while returning to the U.S. legation in Zenpuku-ji from the Prussian legation, he was attacked by a group of anti-foreigner rōnin from Satsuma, including Shōuhei Imuta. Heusken was stabbed grievously in the abdomen, and was unable to get medical attention for over 90 minutes. Having suffered heavy blood loss, he died the following day in his quarters at Zenpuku-ji. His grave is in the cemetery at Korin-Ji in Tokyo, Japan.〔 Immediately after the funeral, most western diplomats retreated from Edo to Yokohama and brought ashore greater numbers of French and British soldiers for protection as trade dwindled.〔 The "yet unpunished and unatoned homicide of Mr. Heusken" was cited by William H. Seward as a hindering factor in relations between the U.S. and Japan during this period.〔(William H. Seward to the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Japan ). 1 August 1861. U.S. National Archives Identifier 6158603.〕 No one was ever convicted of the murder, and the only reparations made by the government of Japan was a $10,000 payment to Heusken's mother.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Henry Heusken」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.